What Is A Flat Character †Definition and Definitive Examples

Review of The Drunkard’s Walk †How Randomness Rules Our Lives by Mlodinow Essay

Peruse the book â€Å"The Drunkard’s Walk †How Randomness Rules Our Lives† by Mlodinow and pay exceptional take care of the accompanying inquiries. A portion of these inquiries may show up on tests and tests. Section 1 Peering through the Eyepiece of Randomness 1. Clarify the wonder â€Å"regression toward the mean.† In any arrangement of arbitrary occasions an exceptional occasion is well on the way to be followed, due absolutely to risk, by an increasingly normal one. 2. What elements decide if an individual will be effective in vocation, venture, and so on.? Achievement in our professions, in our speculations, and in our life choices, both major and minorâ€is as much the aftereffect of irregular factors as the consequence of ability, readiness, and difficult work. 3. Was Paramount’s terminating of Lansing the right choice? After she was terminated, Paramount movies piece of the overall industry bounced back. No, Lansing was terminated in light of industry’s misconception of irregularity and not as her very own result defective dynamic. Lansing had good karma toward the start and misfortune toward the end. Section 2 The Laws of Truths and Half-Truths 1. What instituted the term likelihood, or probabilis? (Latin: probabilis believable) Cicero’s head heritage in the field of arbitrariness is the term he utilized, probabilis, which is the beginning of the term we utilize today. In any case, it is one piece of the Roman code of law, the Digest, assembled by Emperor Justinian in the 6th century, that is the main report where likelihood shows up as an ordinary term of craftsmanship 2. What is the standard for exacerbating probabilities? How to process likelihood that one occasion and another occasion both occurring? As per the right way of aggravating probabilities, not exclusively do two half confirmations yield not exactly an entire sureness, yet no limited number of fractional evidences will ever mean an assurance on the grounds that to compound probabilities, you don’tâ add them; you duplicate. That carries us to our next law, the standard for exacerbating probabilities: If two potential occasions, An and B, are autonomous, at that point the likelihood that both An and B will happen is equivalent to the result of their individual probabilities. 3. Is the Roman principle of half verifications: two half evidences comprise an entire confirmation, right? What do two half evidences comprise by the standard of aggravating probabilities? 4. Assume an aircraft has 1 seat left on a flight and 2 travelers still can't seem to appear. On the off chance that there is a 2 of every 3 possibility a traveler who books a seat will show up to guarantee it, what is the likelihood that the aircraft should manage a miserable client? What is the likelihood that neither one of the customers will appear? What is the suspicion? What is the likelihood that either the two travelers or neither one of the passengers will appear? 5. In DNA testing for lawful preliminary, there is 1 of every 1 billion unintentional match and 1 of every 100 laberror coordinate. What is the likelihood that there is both an incidental match and a lab mistake? What is the likelihood that one mistake or the other happened? Which likelihood is increasingly pertinent? Section 3 Finding Your Way through a Space of Possibilities 1. What is â€Å"sample space†? 2. What is Cardano’s law of the example space? (P. 62) 3. In the Monty Hall issue, for what reason should the player switch after the host’s mediation? Section 4 Tracking the Pathways to Success 1. The terrific duke of Tuscany’s issue: what is the likelihood of acquiring 10 when you toss three bones? Shouldn't something be said about 9? 2. What is Cardano’s law of the example space? 3. What is the utilization of Pascal’s triangle? 4. For the Yankees-Braves World Series model, for the staying 5 games, what is the likelihood that the Yankees dominate 2 matches? 1 game? 5. What is numerical desire? 6. Clarify why a state lottery is proportional to: Of every one of the individuals who pay the dollar or two to enter, most will get nothing, one individual will get a fortune, and one individual will be executed in a savage way? Part 5 The Dueling Laws of Large and Small Numbers? 1. What is Benford’s law? Talk about certain applications in business. 2. Clarify the contrast between the recurrence translation and the abstract understanding of arbitrariness. 3. Do mystics exist? 4. What is resistance of blunder, resilience of vulnerability, measurable noteworthiness? 5. Depict a few applications from the book of the law of enormous numbers and the law of little numbers. Part 6 Bayes’s Theory 1. Two-girl issue In a family with two youngsters, what are the odds that the two kids are young ladies? Ans: 25% In a family with two kids, what are the odds, in the event that one of the kids is a young lady, that the two kids are young ladies? Ans 33% In a family with two youngsters, what are the odds, in the event that one of the kids is a young lady named Florida, that the two kids are young ladies? Ans: half 2. How to apply Bayes’s Theory to decide vehicle protection rates? Ans : Models utilized to decide vehicle protection rates incorporate a numerical capacity portraying, per unit of driving time, your own likelihood of having zero, one, or more mishaps. Consider, for our motivations, a disentangled model that places everybody in one of two classes: high hazard, which incorporates drivers who normal at any rate one mishap every year, and generally safe, which incorporates drivers who normal short of what one. In the event that, when you apply for protection, you have a driving record that stretches back twenty years without a mishap or one that returns twenty years with thirty-seven mishaps, the insurance agency can be almost certain which class to put you in. In any case, in the event that you are another driver, would it be advisable for you to be named generally safe (a child who complies with as far as possible and volunteers to be the assigned driver) or high hazard (a child who races down Main Street drinking from a half-unfilled $2 container of Boone’s Farm apple wine)? Since the organization has no information on youâ€no thought of the â€Å"position of the first ball†Ã¢â‚¬it may dole out you an equivalent priorâ probability of being in either gathering, or it may utilize what it thinks about everyone of new drivers and start you off by speculating that the odds you are a high hazard are, state, 1 out of 3. All things considered the organization would display you as a hybridâ€one-third high hazard and 66% low riskâ€and charge you 33% the value it charges high-chance drivers in addition to 66% the value it charges okay drivers. At that point, following a time of observationâ€that is, following one of Bayes ’s second balls has been thrownâ€the organization can utilize the new datum to reexamine its model, alter the 33% and two-third extents it recently appointed, and recalculate what it should charge. In the event that you have had no mishaps, the extent of generally safe and low cost it appoints you will increment; in the event that you have had two mishaps, it will diminish. The exact size of the modification is given by Bayes’s hypothesis. In a similar way the insurance agency can intermittently alter its appraisals in later years to mirror the way that you were sans mishap or that you twice had a mishap while driving the incorrect path down a single direction road, holding a wireless with your left hand and a donut with your right. That is the reason insurance agencies can give out â€Å"good driver† limits: the nonattendance of mishaps lifts the back likelihood that a driver has a place in a generally safe gathering. 3. Likelihood of right analysis Assume in 1989, insights from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention appear around 1 out of 10,000 hetero non-IV-medicate mishandling white male Americans who got tried were tainted with HIV. Additionally assume around 1 individual out of each 10,000 will test positive because of the nearness of the contamination. Assume 1 out of 1,000 will test positive regardless of whether not tainted with HIV (bogus positive). What is the likelihood that a patient who tried positive is in truth sound? Ans: So in the event that you test 10 000 individuals you will have 11 positives †1 who is truly tainted, 10 are bogus positives. Of the 11 positive lab rats, just 1 has HIV, that is, 1/11. In this way the likelihood that a positive guinea pig is sound = 10/11 = 90.9% 4. O. J. Simpson preliminary As per FBI measurements, 4 million ladies are battered every year by spouses and beaus in U.S. also, in 1992 1,432 or 1 of every 2500 were slaughtered by their spouses or sweethearts. The likelihood that a man who hitters his significant other will proceed to execute her is 1 out of 2500. The likelihood that a battered spouse who was killed was killed by her abuser is 90%. Which likelihood is applicable to the O. J. preliminary? What is the key contrast among likelihood and insights? Ans: 1) Relevant one is the likelihood that a battered spouse who was killed was killed by her abuser = 90%. 2)the principal distinction among likelihood and measurements: the previous concerns expectations dependent on fixed probabilities; the last concerns the surmising of those probabilities dependent on watched information. Section 7 Measurement and the Law of Errors 1. Political race For what reason did the creator contend that â€Å"when races come out amazingly close, maybe we should acknowledge them with no guarantees, or flip a coin, as opposed to leading describe after recount?† Ans: (pg= 127 and 128) Elections, similar to all estimations, are uncertain, as are the relates, so when races come out incredibly close, maybe we should acknowledge them with no guarantees, or flip a coin, instead of directing a great many describes. 2. What is scientific measurements? Ans: Mathematical measurements, gives a lot of instruments to the understanding of the information that emerge from perception and experimentation. Analysts once in a while see the development of present day science as rotating around that advancement, the production of a hypothesis of estimation. In any case, insights additionally gives apparatuses to address true issues, for example, the adequacy of medications or the prevalence of legislators, so an appropriate comprehension of factual reaso

Passive Communication and Social Anxiety

Passive Communication and Social Anxiety Social Anxiety Disorder Print Passive Communication and Social Anxiety By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Updated on April 20, 2019 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children David Burch / UpperCut Images / Getty Images Passive communication is  a style in which you avoid directly saying what you think or want and that often involves  uncomfortable body language.  Many people with social anxiety end up using passive communication.   Social anxiety disorder  (SAD) is extremely common and can be a hindrance to your daily life.  If you have social anxiety, your communication skills may be weak because you are anxious about social gatherings, meeting new people and confrontation.  One of the key areas that may be impacted is communication. Below is a description of how passive communication and social anxiety disorder may be related. Defining Passive Communication Passive communication is a pattern of not sharing your opinions and failing to protect your rights and get your needs met. Passive communicators fail to be assertive and  allow others to take advantage of them.   Passive Communication Examples Passive communication can be shown in many different ways. Some passive communicators beat around the bush, such as by saying I wish someone would remember to take out the trash rather than just asking a family member to take out the trash. Hints like this often go unnoticed, making the passive communicator irritated and the family member who missed the hint bewildered.Others will just let people override their thoughts and feelings. For instance, if you are a vegetarian and your coworkers decide to meet at a steakhouse, you may opt to avoid saying anything or suggesting another option out of fear of being viewed as difficult or picky.Some passive communicators speak very softly or apologetically. They may apologize ahead of time for their opinions or qualify their statements. For example, if called upon in a meeting, a passive communicator may say, This could be a stupid question, but have you considered the problem from this angle? This derives from a lack of confidence and anxiety about being seen as opinionated or harsh.Some have negativ e body language such as a slumped posture. Impacts of Passive Communication Individuals with a passive communication style may: Feel anxious or like life is out of controlFeel depressed or hopelessFeel resentful or confused because needs are not being met Problems with Passive Communication and Social Anxiety If you have social anxiety and avoid conflict, passive communication can cause more discomfort and hurt. Because you do not address conflicts when they happen and allow grievances to go unnoticed, your irritation can grow. Eventually, you will need to express these feelings, but because they have mounted for so long, it may come out explosively and damage your relationships. Afterward, you  may feel tremendously guilty, causing you to be more passive in the future. This can lead to even more social anxiety when interacting with others or trying to assert yourself. This vicious cycle can perpetuate itself for a long period if there is no intervention. Passive Communication Versus Assertive Communication For many with social anxiety, low self-esteem, and poor confidence leads to a passive communication style. This can cause a cycle in which passive communication leads to your needs going unmet, which makes you feel more anxious and then makes you even more passive. This cycle can be extremely hard to break and often needs professional intervention.   By contrast, assertive communication: Means speaking clearly about your opinions, needs, and feelings without violating others needs  Is achieved through strong self-esteem and confidenceInvolves advocating for yourself and your own interests, without apologizing A therapist specializing in social anxiety can help you work through your anxiety issues as well as help you communicate more assertively and confidently. It is not something that can happen overnight; however, a good healthcare provider with a background in cognitive behavioral therapy can help improve your comfort in social settings and empower you to advocate for yourself.   The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs

Essay The Hamlet Paradigm - 4539 Words

The Hamlet Paradigm Central Question of the Play How does an individual react when he develops an obsession with destroying the powerful force ruling his country, yet risks experiencing psychological estrangement, occurring at multiple levels within himself, if he attempts to destroy that force? This is the central question that Shakespeare explores in his play Hamlet, which is a character study of an individual harboring just such an obsession, entailing just such a risk. Introduction That Hamlet is obsessed with destroying the powerful force ruling his country (Claudius) is plainly evident in the play. But while this obsession initiates Hamlet’s behavior, it is his additional realization, that he risks psychological†¦show more content†¦Moral estrangement: Hamlet is also principled in a moral, or more generally a normative, sense. To kill a king would mean violating his internal conviction against committing crimes that might harm the hierarchical order of a state’s government. His generally principled nature is shown by his refusal to gather together a mob to oust Claudius, as Laertes attempts to do later in the play, even though he knew that he had the ability to do so. The fact that he knew this is shown by the fact that Claudius explicitly knew this of Hamlet. One may safely assume that Hamlet’s understanding of how politics works is virtually identical to that of Claudius and Hamlet Sr. The general similarity in how these blood relatives think and feel emerges from both of them professing their psychological reliance on Gertrude’s support of them. 3. Estrangement from countrymen: It is true that Hamlet has both the capacity to organize a mob of supporters to overthrow Claudius and is loved by most of his countrymen (to the point where, as Claudius admits, Claudius cannot openly think, feel or act in a hostile manner towards Hamlet). However, Hamlet is unable to organize such a mob for this purpose due to his principled nature, which prohibits him from doing so. Without this option, the only way for him to avenge his father’s death is by himself alone taking action against Claudius. Essentially, then, he is one man up against a king and his army of soldiers, spies and friends. Against suchShow MoreRelatedHamlet O What a Rogue and Peasant Slave Am I775 Words   |  4 Pagesaudience deeper insights into Hamlets internal conflicts surrounding his attempt to fulfil his pledge of avenging his fathers death. In this soliloquy Shakespeare has revealed Hamlet feelings of inadequacy due to his inability to act and the reasons behind his inaction. Shakespeare also uses this soliloquy to set up the play within the play as the climax at which point Hamlet will be forced to be the revenging son. From the beginning of the play it is obvious that Hamlet is extremely depressed andRead More Hamlet Essay1538 Words   |  7 Pages Hamlet and his Games In the play â€Å"Hamlet† by William Shakespeare, Prince Hamlet uses many double meaning phrases to speak his mind to the audience and the other characters in the play. quot;I am but mad north-north-west: when the wind is southerly I know a hawk from a handsawquot; (II.ii.387-8). This is a classic example of the quot;wild and whirling wordsquot; with which Hamlet hopes to persuade people to believe that he is mad. These words, however, prove that beneath his quot;anticRead MoreThe Characterization Of Hamlet By William Shakespeare1009 Words   |  5 Pagesdistinctive characterisation of Hamlet presents a sympathetic protagonist whose descent into immorality is derived from his struggle to find his place within opposing paradigms. 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One elementRead MoreThe Human Condition and Ideologies in Hamlet by Willliam Shakespeare1522 Words   |  7 Pages Hamlet Texts reflect their context and paradigms but transcendental texts that explore aspects of humanity can resonate through time and remain relevant and accessible to audiences. William Shakespeare’s introspective play, Hamlet, explores the complexity of the human condition by reflecting ideologies such as justice, loyalty and morality. Although these deeply human ideas ensure the plays resonance, they are somewhat secondary to the depths of Hamlet’s human struggle. These thematic concernsRead MoreA Closer Look At The Period Between 1930 And 19411370 Words   |  6 Pagesthat, if people would not act according to their precisely formulated instructions, the initiated modernization would fail and possibly even bring harm to the society – or at least to Iran’s image as a progressive nation. In a report on a visit to Hamlet’s rehearsal, in order to issue the permit; these matters are mentioned: †¢ The prince is too depressed and passive; this shouldn t be the image of a prince. †¢ Three kings are being murdered readily during the play. This ignorance of the Holy authorityRead MoreThe Beginning of My Lifelong Expedition Started with Simons Rock639 Words   |  3 Pagesdiscovered Simon’s Rock, I was inspired by the broad-minded and innovative foundation of the school. I had been spending an immense amount of time and energy in search of an institution that recognized the potential of young scholars and shifted the paradigm that one must be of a certain age before expanding their knowledge. Mid-day on January 27, 2014, I opened my e-mail account expecting to see a new message from the Brown University Summer Pre-College Program to which I was applying, only to discoverRead Moreshakespeare influences16068 Words   |  65 Pages 5. SIGNIFICANCE AND RATIONALE 6. 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Essay on Analysis of Hamlet - 1472 Words

In Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, the author demonstrates a lot of corruption and rottenness in Denmark. He does this a few different ways; one way is by showing the corruption of the parents in the play and showing the effect they have on their children and the society that surrounds them. There are a few main adult characters in the play, each one with their own secrets and their own character defects that affect almost everyone around them. One main thing that the author explains is that the older generation has no respect for the younger generation, Hamlet, Ophelia, and Laertes. Shakespeare illustrates that almost all the adult characters in the play are defined by their self-centeredness. The characters are also described as†¦show more content†¦Her reason is a better one though; because she wants to see what is happening with her too much changed son (II.ii.36). In act I.ii, as Hamlet grieves his fathers death, Claudius disrespects him; essentially he tells Haml et to get over it and that all fathers die some time. The author shows here how the parents actions can have a negative effect on their children. If Hamlet is to take how Claudius acts as normal, then he could act the same way towards his children; showing almost no compassion and only wanting what is best for himself. None of the characteristics are something that a good father should portray. Claudius describes Hamlets grief as; Tis unmanly grief referring to the fact that Hamlet has been grieving too long (I.ii.94). Hamlet needs time to mourn and Claudius feels that he can dictate how long Hamlet can mourn for. Polonius is also very disrespectful of his children. He is always telling Ophelia, his daughter, how to act and that she cannot talk to Hamlet or see him. Polonius tells Ophelia I would not...As to give words or talk with Lord Hamlet(I.iii.133-135). Polonius also says that, Tis to much proved-that with devotions visage/ And pious action we do sugar oer/The devil himself (III.i.44-49). Polonius talks about how people can sometimes cover up the devious things that they do by pretending to be something that they are not. Polonius understands this concept well because he is one of those types ofShow MoreRelatedHamlet Analysis : Hamlet 1149 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish December 7, 2015 Hamlet Analysis Prince Hamlet is a man who enjoys contemplating difficult philosophical questions. When his father the king of Denmark, was killed by his uncle. when Hamlet returns he sees his ghost after he returns home to find evidence of his father’s death. The Ghost of Hamlet tells Prince Hamlet that his uncle Claudius his uncle was the one who killed his father with poison of the ear. 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Hamlet begins the play a depressed, angry young man who is barely able to conceal the fact that he despises his new stepfather for marrying his mother so soon after his beloved fathers demise. However, he has no proof that his uncle did anything wrong at first. In fact, theRead MoreAnalysis Of Hamlet s Hamlet 1265 Words   |  6 PagesHow far would a man, who is a still a child at heart, go to avenge the death of his father? Hamlet, who is the son of the recently deceased King, engages in a quest to avenge his father, who was murder by the man who is now in his place, and married to the queen. Hamlet tries to develop a plan to kill King Claudius, but only time is stopping him. Time inevitably leads toward expiration of a human life. Hamlet shows a great concern for time and its effects, which was brought upon a death that contributedRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Hamlet 1366 Words   |  6 PagesDeven Sect. 4 Professor Roberts April 21, 2015 Literary Analysis Psychological State of the Characters in Hamlet The English Play writer, William Shakespeare had written many well-known pieces of work including Hamlet. Hamlet is known to be one of his most popular works. Hamlet was written in the late 16th Century about the Prince of Denmark. The original title of the work was The Tragedy of Hamlet, now it is referred to as just Hamlet. In Hamlet, William Shakespeare uses the mental state of his charactersRead MoreAnalysis Of The Structure Hamlet 1233 Words   |  5 PagesStability, Sanity, and Structure (Analysis of the structure in Shakespeare’s Hamlet) Structure is in our lives all around us; we see it in work lives, our home lives, in our owe bodies, and even more so in the curriculum that kids are learning at school. Structure, in all aspects, is constructed according to a plan. It gives a sense of assembly and backbone to whatever we are looking at. We see structure is in the information students are attaining at school, especially in the literary sense. ManyRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Hamlet In Hamlet730 Words   |  3 PagesHamlet is a character of melancholy because he is a very sad individual finding out that his very own uncle has killed his father. He is wanting to commit suicide but he’s contemplating it because it is a sin. He is not to fond of Claudius considering he was the one that had killed his father in the first place. â€Å"O most wicked speed, to post/ With such dexterity to incestuous sheets!/ It is not nor it cannot come to good/ But break my heart, for I must hold my tongue† This quote is s howing how heRead MoreHamlet Critical Analysis Of Hamlet1191 Words   |  5 Pagesplay, Hamlet, has been interpreted and converted into a film numerous times by different directors, Kenneth Branagh’s adaptation particularly captured the essence of Hamlet and helped the audience truly understand the events that transpired in Act Three Scene Two of Hamlet. It is in this act, Hamlet plan to reveal King Claudius’ treachery is played out. Hamlet exposes the king through adding an extra sixteen lines to the play which depicts him killing Hamlet’s father. 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He feels disillusioned with the world. â€Å"How weary, stale, flat and unprofitable, Seem to me all the uses of this world†. He deplores (condemns) the

Collaborative Health Care Free Essays

string(80) " and try to call everyday to the patients scheduled when I have some free time\." Running head : IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY WITH LEADERSHIP 1 Improve Productivity with Leadership Natalie Misyuk Chamberlain School of Nursing Marilyn Smith NR 447 Collaborative Health care IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY WITH LEADERSHIP 2 Improve Productivity with Leadership Introduction Working in the VA has made me become a leader, I have been employed here for about 4 years and it feels like family. I started becoming a leader by learning though out my experience from my colleagues of my other jobs that I held and the knowledge I have acquired through my school that helped me prepare for the future. I want to be there for my whole career as a Registered Nurse and as a Leader in my clinic to improve productivity and processes. We will write a custom essay sample on Collaborative Health Care or any similar topic only for you Order Now The two SMART goals that I have choose are: 1. Reduce late and cancelled appointments in the Women’s clinic. 2. To provide the female veterans with the newest technology available on the market. I choose them because I want to be the best nurse advocate to my patients. Goal 1: Leadership Development My leadership development is about being a natural leader. I attend conferences, read books and keep myself updated on the different theories of leadership. I always wondered what kind of leader I would become but over the years I have learned to lead and improve my skills to become a natural leader. It is about certain strategies that you just have to have. Strategic thinking helps you to learn to step back from the day-to-day tactical details and focus on the â€Å"why†, not just the â€Å"what† and â€Å"how†. Being a good listener means to learn to pay attention and demonstrate to others that I value what they have to say. IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY WITH LEADERSHIP 3 Peer-Reviewed Articles The article that I found is called â€Å"Empowering others to take an active role in patient care† This article talks about how leadership traits are very difficult to apply into the real world when you try to learn them from someone. Each individual is a leader within himself and is a product of individual xperiences, individual opportunities, and individual training who has been exposed to challenging situations, unique opportunities (Sara J. White 2012). It is simply not realistic to think, â€Å"How can I be like her? ,† or in â€Å"How can I be as good a leader as Abraham Lincoln? † When we think about the great leaders that we have come across in our lives, it would be difficult to retrace the knowledge, experiences, and perspectives that shaped their ability and effectiveness. It is difficult to acquire or develop the attributes necessary to be a good leader by seeing examples of ood leadership in others. Good leadership ability will result from applying knowledge useful in situations that require leadership, practicing the skills associated with leadership, and having the desire and motivation to exert these in appropriate situations. (Sara J. White 2012) Leadership is â€Å"about coping with change. â€Å"‘ This requires more specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes. The individual must have the knowledge necessary to be a good leader, including the knowledge necessary to develop a vision, stimulate change, work well with people, and become a person of influence. Credible Websites The website that will help me with the development of my SMART goal talks about â€Å"10 Tips to Improve productivity at work. † by Adam Gurian. It is a business professional website, but it can be applied to anyone that wants to improve processes in their work. He talks about how to quickly manage IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY WITH LEADERSHIP 4 difficult situations and how to be a leader at work, which will result in productivity in the workplace. The number one is to Act immediately on phone the messages, I never knew how important this is for my patients, but if you can return the phone call back to a patient that is in a great emergency then it can accomplish much maybe even and save the patient’s life. It all starts from the little things that we do as nurses to help our day run smoothly. Another important tool is to organize your tasks for the day, so you can tackle your most important priorities together, you will save time and be more efficient and produce higher quality work. By starting your day ith the most important task, you will increase your productivity and get your day off to a good start. This is a credible website that applies to my specific SMART goal because it talks about different positive ways to get the job done. This website is very helpful for employees in any field to be productive in their job. Informational Expert I have spoke with the Nurse Educator in my job about how to reduce late and ca ncelled appointments in the Women’s Clinic. The nurse educator had informed us, for all the clinics the number one priority to reduce late and cancelled appointment is to make reminder calls at least 2-4 days in advance. We all forget things, and appointments are among the easiest things to lose track of. Appointment cards are helpful, but in the end, a phone call is your best bet. Email, text message and other automated solutions are starting to make some headway, but a good old-fashioned telephone call is still the most effective tool to combat schedule disintegration. We are very busy in our clinic, so not all the time these phone calls are able to be made but for the most part we have to start making it our number one priority. The Nurse Educator told us to create a workbook where we will type everything out; the patients name, date or appointment, time, which doctor and for what reason. In this work book IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY WITH LEADERSHIP 5 we will keep track of patients who received the call, who the message was left for and who cancelled or just didn’t show up. My goals are to be on top of these reminder phone calls and try to call everyday to the patients scheduled when I have some free time. You read "Collaborative Health Care" in category "Essay examples" In the worst case scenario when phone calls weren’t able to be made, our clerk will send out reminder letters. I can definitely achieve my SMART goal this way, by working together as a team and collaborating with each other to meet our clinics goals. Goal 2: Organizational Planning I know this goal is a difficult one to achieve, because it is all about the timing and the finances of the VA hospital. It is one of the goals for our clinic to have the most recent and newest technology offered to the Women Veterans. A few months ago I went to a conference and I heard about the new Mammography technology that is being offered, which is called Computed Tomography Laser Mammography. This medical imaging technique uses laser energy in the near infrared region of the spectrum, to detect angiogenesis in the breast tissue. The technology uses laser in the same way computed tomography uses X-Rays, these beams travel through tissue and suffer attenuation. It would be great to see my clinic have one of these in the near future, I know how painful getting a mammogram can be and this new way o f getting a laser detector can do the best job pain free. Detect tumors, and any abnormal tissue with this pain free mammogram. Peer-Reviewed Articles The article named â€Å"Exploring the Influence of New Technology Planning and Implementation on the Perceptions of New Technology Effectiveness† by Bellamy, Al talks about that organizations that recently installed new technology bettered the workplace and its effectiveness. Technology is believed IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY WITH LEADERSHIP 6 to have more effective outcomes when it is integrated systematically within an organization’s strategy process. Organizations that have good leadership, have good decision-making processes, and rganizational policies and procedures. Organization with new technology is much more effective in every way. An organization that is characterized by its members as being rigid and unwilling to change would probably approach new technology planning and implementation differently than an organization described as open and that does not resist change. There may also be parallel differences in the effectiveness in which new technology is deployed. T he perceived climate of the organization may mediate the relationship among technology, the planning processes, and the perceived effectiveness of he deployment of technology (Bellamy, 2009). This all means that new technology in the workplace is for the better in every way, and the number one goal is to to better patient outcomes. The way that this article relates to my SMART goal, is by talking about that new technologies improves production and patient satisfaction. Credible Websites The website that talks about why technology is very beneficial to the workplace because it simplifies and reduces the labor involved to complete the task at hand. Technology is the use of any tool that was developed by man to enhance the productivity of any given task. This website has a different approach about technology because it does not talk about the medical field with its new technologies, but it talks about technologies in the work place. This specific website talks about farmers utilizing various technologies to increase their farm production. New farm technologies improved in quality production and more foreign exchange was brought into our country because of this. The way that this IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY WITH LEADERSHIP 7 ebsite applies to my SMART goal is by talking about new technologies benefiting any work environment to improve the quality of the produce. The actual website is http://www. fiji. gov. fj Informational Expert My nursing manager has told my team that it is a great goal that we have thought of, however it is something that will take place not until the year 2015. The financial situation is very bad right now with the VA Hospital, after the hurricane Sandy, the Manhattan VA was destroyed which put us in great financial los s. New technologies are on their way but we will just have to wait. My nurse manager recommended that the patients that are in a lot of pain doing mammograms the old way, can be referred to an outside specialty clinic that provide these types of special services with laser Mammography machines. Summary I have learned a lot in this research paper, being a leader in the work environment lets me realize that there are many things to look out for to keep the clinic running smoothly. Make pre-visit telephone calls is one great goal that I came up with, with the Nurse educator in order to improve productivity and efficiency. My goal is to continue learning about different leadership styles in my workplace and to continue to build and lead high performing teams is especially in the Women’s Clinic. We must work closely together and wear many different hats to effectively meet our company’s demands. I appreciated doing this research and learned a lot about how we can improve quality and productivity. Creating an environment that will promote problem solving is part of creating an effective team. My informational expert has taught me that you should never be afraid to communicate whatever it is you want to learn IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY WITH LEADERSHIP 8 more about, because it will only help you learn something new, you can never be wrong from asking a question instead of doing something without the correct answer. References Bellamy AL. (2007). Exploring the Influence of New Technology Planning and Implementation on the Perceptions of New Technology Effectiveness. Journal of Technology Studies, v33 n1 p32-40. 9 pp. White SJ ; Wilkin NE ; McElroy SR. (2012). Leadership development: Empowering others to take an active role in patient care. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association:(J AM PHARM ASSOC), 2012 May 1; 52 (3): 308-18. http://www. businessnewsdaily. com/3272-improve-productivity-tips. html http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Computed_tomography_laser_mammography http://www. fiji. gov. fj/index. php? option=com_contentview=articleid=739:technologies-improve-productioncatid=97:featuresItemid=198 How to cite Collaborative Health Care, Essay examples

Collaborative Health Care Free Essays

string(80) " and try to call everyday to the patients scheduled when I have some free time\." Running head : IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY WITH LEADERSHIP 1 Improve Productivity with Leadership Natalie Misyuk Chamberlain School of Nursing Marilyn Smith NR 447 Collaborative Health care IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY WITH LEADERSHIP 2 Improve Productivity with Leadership Introduction Working in the VA has made me become a leader, I have been employed here for about 4 years and it feels like family. I started becoming a leader by learning though out my experience from my colleagues of my other jobs that I held and the knowledge I have acquired through my school that helped me prepare for the future. I want to be there for my whole career as a Registered Nurse and as a Leader in my clinic to improve productivity and processes. We will write a custom essay sample on Collaborative Health Care or any similar topic only for you Order Now The two SMART goals that I have choose are: 1. Reduce late and cancelled appointments in the Women’s clinic. 2. To provide the female veterans with the newest technology available on the market. I choose them because I want to be the best nurse advocate to my patients. Goal 1: Leadership Development My leadership development is about being a natural leader. I attend conferences, read books and keep myself updated on the different theories of leadership. I always wondered what kind of leader I would become but over the years I have learned to lead and improve my skills to become a natural leader. It is about certain strategies that you just have to have. Strategic thinking helps you to learn to step back from the day-to-day tactical details and focus on the â€Å"why†, not just the â€Å"what† and â€Å"how†. Being a good listener means to learn to pay attention and demonstrate to others that I value what they have to say. IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY WITH LEADERSHIP 3 Peer-Reviewed Articles The article that I found is called â€Å"Empowering others to take an active role in patient care† This article talks about how leadership traits are very difficult to apply into the real world when you try to learn them from someone. Each individual is a leader within himself and is a product of individual xperiences, individual opportunities, and individual training who has been exposed to challenging situations, unique opportunities (Sara J. White 2012). It is simply not realistic to think, â€Å"How can I be like her? ,† or in â€Å"How can I be as good a leader as Abraham Lincoln? † When we think about the great leaders that we have come across in our lives, it would be difficult to retrace the knowledge, experiences, and perspectives that shaped their ability and effectiveness. It is difficult to acquire or develop the attributes necessary to be a good leader by seeing examples of ood leadership in others. Good leadership ability will result from applying knowledge useful in situations that require leadership, practicing the skills associated with leadership, and having the desire and motivation to exert these in appropriate situations. (Sara J. White 2012) Leadership is â€Å"about coping with change. â€Å"‘ This requires more specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes. The individual must have the knowledge necessary to be a good leader, including the knowledge necessary to develop a vision, stimulate change, work well with people, and become a person of influence. Credible Websites The website that will help me with the development of my SMART goal talks about â€Å"10 Tips to Improve productivity at work. † by Adam Gurian. It is a business professional website, but it can be applied to anyone that wants to improve processes in their work. He talks about how to quickly manage IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY WITH LEADERSHIP 4 difficult situations and how to be a leader at work, which will result in productivity in the workplace. The number one is to Act immediately on phone the messages, I never knew how important this is for my patients, but if you can return the phone call back to a patient that is in a great emergency then it can accomplish much maybe even and save the patient’s life. It all starts from the little things that we do as nurses to help our day run smoothly. Another important tool is to organize your tasks for the day, so you can tackle your most important priorities together, you will save time and be more efficient and produce higher quality work. By starting your day ith the most important task, you will increase your productivity and get your day off to a good start. This is a credible website that applies to my specific SMART goal because it talks about different positive ways to get the job done. This website is very helpful for employees in any field to be productive in their job. Informational Expert I have spoke with the Nurse Educator in my job about how to reduce late and ca ncelled appointments in the Women’s Clinic. The nurse educator had informed us, for all the clinics the number one priority to reduce late and cancelled appointment is to make reminder calls at least 2-4 days in advance. We all forget things, and appointments are among the easiest things to lose track of. Appointment cards are helpful, but in the end, a phone call is your best bet. Email, text message and other automated solutions are starting to make some headway, but a good old-fashioned telephone call is still the most effective tool to combat schedule disintegration. We are very busy in our clinic, so not all the time these phone calls are able to be made but for the most part we have to start making it our number one priority. The Nurse Educator told us to create a workbook where we will type everything out; the patients name, date or appointment, time, which doctor and for what reason. In this work book IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY WITH LEADERSHIP 5 we will keep track of patients who received the call, who the message was left for and who cancelled or just didn’t show up. My goals are to be on top of these reminder phone calls and try to call everyday to the patients scheduled when I have some free time. You read "Collaborative Health Care" in category "Essay examples" In the worst case scenario when phone calls weren’t able to be made, our clerk will send out reminder letters. I can definitely achieve my SMART goal this way, by working together as a team and collaborating with each other to meet our clinics goals. Goal 2: Organizational Planning I know this goal is a difficult one to achieve, because it is all about the timing and the finances of the VA hospital. It is one of the goals for our clinic to have the most recent and newest technology offered to the Women Veterans. A few months ago I went to a conference and I heard about the new Mammography technology that is being offered, which is called Computed Tomography Laser Mammography. This medical imaging technique uses laser energy in the near infrared region of the spectrum, to detect angiogenesis in the breast tissue. The technology uses laser in the same way computed tomography uses X-Rays, these beams travel through tissue and suffer attenuation. It would be great to see my clinic have one of these in the near future, I know how painful getting a mammogram can be and this new way o f getting a laser detector can do the best job pain free. Detect tumors, and any abnormal tissue with this pain free mammogram. Peer-Reviewed Articles The article named â€Å"Exploring the Influence of New Technology Planning and Implementation on the Perceptions of New Technology Effectiveness† by Bellamy, Al talks about that organizations that recently installed new technology bettered the workplace and its effectiveness. Technology is believed IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY WITH LEADERSHIP 6 to have more effective outcomes when it is integrated systematically within an organization’s strategy process. Organizations that have good leadership, have good decision-making processes, and rganizational policies and procedures. Organization with new technology is much more effective in every way. An organization that is characterized by its members as being rigid and unwilling to change would probably approach new technology planning and implementation differently than an organization described as open and that does not resist change. There may also be parallel differences in the effectiveness in which new technology is deployed. T he perceived climate of the organization may mediate the relationship among technology, the planning processes, and the perceived effectiveness of he deployment of technology (Bellamy, 2009). This all means that new technology in the workplace is for the better in every way, and the number one goal is to to better patient outcomes. The way that this article relates to my SMART goal, is by talking about that new technologies improves production and patient satisfaction. Credible Websites The website that talks about why technology is very beneficial to the workplace because it simplifies and reduces the labor involved to complete the task at hand. Technology is the use of any tool that was developed by man to enhance the productivity of any given task. This website has a different approach about technology because it does not talk about the medical field with its new technologies, but it talks about technologies in the work place. This specific website talks about farmers utilizing various technologies to increase their farm production. New farm technologies improved in quality production and more foreign exchange was brought into our country because of this. The way that this IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY WITH LEADERSHIP 7 ebsite applies to my SMART goal is by talking about new technologies benefiting any work environment to improve the quality of the produce. The actual website is http://www. fiji. gov. fj Informational Expert My nursing manager has told my team that it is a great goal that we have thought of, however it is something that will take place not until the year 2015. The financial situation is very bad right now with the VA Hospital, after the hurricane Sandy, the Manhattan VA was destroyed which put us in great financial los s. New technologies are on their way but we will just have to wait. My nurse manager recommended that the patients that are in a lot of pain doing mammograms the old way, can be referred to an outside specialty clinic that provide these types of special services with laser Mammography machines. Summary I have learned a lot in this research paper, being a leader in the work environment lets me realize that there are many things to look out for to keep the clinic running smoothly. Make pre-visit telephone calls is one great goal that I came up with, with the Nurse educator in order to improve productivity and efficiency. My goal is to continue learning about different leadership styles in my workplace and to continue to build and lead high performing teams is especially in the Women’s Clinic. We must work closely together and wear many different hats to effectively meet our company’s demands. I appreciated doing this research and learned a lot about how we can improve quality and productivity. Creating an environment that will promote problem solving is part of creating an effective team. My informational expert has taught me that you should never be afraid to communicate whatever it is you want to learn IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY WITH LEADERSHIP 8 more about, because it will only help you learn something new, you can never be wrong from asking a question instead of doing something without the correct answer. References Bellamy AL. (2007). Exploring the Influence of New Technology Planning and Implementation on the Perceptions of New Technology Effectiveness. Journal of Technology Studies, v33 n1 p32-40. 9 pp. White SJ ; Wilkin NE ; McElroy SR. (2012). Leadership development: Empowering others to take an active role in patient care. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association:(J AM PHARM ASSOC), 2012 May 1; 52 (3): 308-18. http://www. businessnewsdaily. com/3272-improve-productivity-tips. html http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Computed_tomography_laser_mammography http://www. fiji. gov. fj/index. php? option=com_contentview=articleid=739:technologies-improve-productioncatid=97:featuresItemid=198 How to cite Collaborative Health Care, Essay examples

The cultural context and ethics of prevention of drug abuse

Prevention of drug abuse is a critical provision among the youths and minority groups. There are prevention techniques outlined in the suggested article that can be related perfectly to the subject of culture and prevention covered in the text. Youths and other vulnerable communities have been victims to drug abuse and other related vices. Consequently, formulating viable prevention techniques as outlined in the stated document is critical.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on The cultural context and ethics of prevention of drug abuse specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The first prevention strategy outlined in the document is the involvement of young people (youths) in all levels of the prevention program establishment. This is a considerable provision since it allows the concerned stakeholders to design their preferred remedial program for an effective battle against drug abuse and addiction (United Nations, 2004 ). It is important to hear from the concerned stakeholders on how they would like to be handled in the entire matter. Young individuals should be involved in the entire prevention program development starting from the concept formulation right to the implementation and evaluation of the entire program’s success. Culturally, this helps in knowing the best approach to give to various challenges facing youths and the concerned minority groups. It is important to consider such provisions in the entire disciplinary contexts. While relating this provision to the aspects of culture and prevention issues discussed in the text, several issues emerge on critical grounds. Culturally, youth need to have their participation and opinions considered in the programs that concern their welfares. They have a lot to reveal that can help the program developers to succeed in their fight against drug abuse and addiction amongst the youth and other vulnerable communities. Considering and understand ing the cultures of a given community can help in formulating viable prevention programs helpful in eradicating the alleged drug abuse with some success. Integrating the aspects of culture in the prevention program can equally enhance the materialization of the entire obligations. This helps in relating this prevention technique to the aspects of culture and prevention provisions discussed in the text. Another technique is to define the need of the youths and minority groups through research (United Nations, 2004). Understanding the needs of these individuals can actually enhance the vitality of the proposed and established programs. Additionally, the program will be able to address the exact needs of the concerned stakeholders. It is imperative to base all drug prevention programs on investigated evidence in order to make informed decisions regarding the matter.Advertising Looking for case study on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OF F Learn More Collection of facts on which prevention strategies had succeeded before and those ones that failed is crucial in this context. This is a critical provision in various occasions since it provides the mentioned groups with viable prevention programs helpful in eradication the aspect of drug abuse and addiction. Evidently, incorporating the youth and minority groups in formulating and executing the proposed research and prevention program forms an imperative part of getting a balanced picture of the concerned predicament. Conclusively, working collaboratively with the youth and other stakeholders is an important provision in this context. Concurrently, it is crucial to relate this technique with the subject of culture and prevention covered in the text. Cultural provisions demand the participation of youths and other stakeholders in the issues that affect them. In fact culture appreciates youth involvement on such issues. This will obviously enhance the success of the proposed prevention program. Another technique is the development of activity-oriented programs meant to engage youths and the minority groups (United Nations, 2004). Evidently, boredom and lack of relevant activities (what to do) can contribute to the widespread of drug abuse and addiction. Hence, designing programs that will address such issues is critical in managing the problem. Youths need constructive alternatives differing from what they are used to do in order to curb the aspects of drug abuse. Providing them with viable activities that would enhance their growth intellectually, spiritually, economically, and physically can be highly appreciated (Hogan, 2003). It is crucial to enhance these provisions in various contexts in order to engage the youths and other idle individuals into constructive activities. This technique is important when considered critically. When associating it with the culture and prevention subjects covered in the text, several factors emerge. Cult urally, it is important to engage youth into activities that will enhance their growth as future responsible adults and leaders. Adhering to this provision is an important phenomenon in this context. It is crucial to agree that these strategies are effective means of working with cultural issues and drug prevention programs. Firstly, their provisions and moral mandates ensure that the concerned groups remain focused and resistive to drug abuse and addiction. These strategies ensure that youths and other vulnerable groups are engaged in other alternative and constructive activities to help them grow as potential and responsible people in the society (Peele Alexander, 2012). Thus, these strategies promote cultural issues and drug prevention programs.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on The cultural context and ethics of prevention of drug abuse specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ethical concerns The ethical issues encountered in these techniques are numerous. Firstly, they engage the minds of the youth hence barring them from indulging into prohibited activities. Additionally, these practices harm nobody in various contexts. Instead, they promote morality, reduce crime, and uphold virtues among youths and minority groups. Ethical issues have been effectively handled through viable mechanisms meant to uphold virtues among the concerned communities. References Hogan, J. (2003). Substance abuse prevention: The intersection of science and practice. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon. Peele, S. Alexander, B. (2012).The Meaning of Addiction. Retrieved from https://www.peele.net/lib/moa3.html United Nations. (2004). Drug abuse prevention among youth from ethnic and indigenous minorities. Retrieved from http://www.unodc.org/pdf/youthnet/handbook_ethnic_english.pdf This case study on The cultural context and ethics of prevention of drug abuse was written and submitted by user Kailey Decker to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Affects Of The Enlightenment Essays - Libertarian Theory

Affects Of The Enlightenment Essays - Libertarian Theory Affects Of The Enlightenment Many men and women had significant impacts on the historical period known as the Enlightenment. Three men that had such an impact on the Enlightenment were Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Montesquieu. Each of these men had different theories and ideas about what type of government there should be. This resulted in many people having different opinions on how the government should rule their country. Due to this, the Enlightenment was a very chaotic and opinionated period. During the seventeenth century, England was on the verge of a civil war. It was split between an absolute monarchy and a self governed society. One man who believed in absolute monarchy was Thomas Hobbes. He believed in totalitarianism, which is when the government controls every aspect of your life. He believed this because he said that people could not have a self governed society because people are naturally corrupt and that a self governed society would cause chaos. Hobbes also supported absolutism because there was a non-educated population, and if that population governed itself, there would be craziness. He advocated that an absolute monarchy would protect the people and bring peace throughout the society. To share his ideas with the rest of the world, he published a book called Leuathon. This book shared his beliefs about absolutism. Hobbes felt very strong about his beliefs and he had many supporters. But there were other enlightened thinkers who disagreed with him. John Locke was also an enlightened thinker but disagreed with Hobbes. Locke believed in a limited government. He believed in this because a limited government was established to protect the people and their rights. Locke stated that the people had a right to overthrow the government if it violated their natural rights. The natural rights were liberty, life, and property. Property was one of the rights because land equals wealth. Locke based his theories on natural law and social contracts. A social contract is when people create a government to protect their natural rights, and if the government fails to protect these rights, or violates them, then the people have the right to rebel. Locke also published a book called Two Treatises of Government. He called it this because there were two sides of government that people were fighting for. Montesquieu was an enlightened thinker who believed in Locke's theories more than Hobbes. He believed in separation of powers within a government. This is where there is a legislative, executive and judicial branch within the government. The legislative branch would make the laws, the executive branch would enforce the laws, and the judicial branch would interpret the laws. His social views were very similar to Locks. He believed in pro individual rights. This is where the people have freedom of speech, economic equality, social equality, and freedom of publication. He too published his own book called The Spirit of Laws in1748. The Enlightenment was a very different period because of all these different ideas about how the government should be run.This sparked people to start thinking about the government on their own and having their own opinions. The Enlightenment was a type of revolution because it changed the way people thought and how people viewed their own government. Even though these three men were very influential, there were many other great speakers and leaders who affected the people and the government.

Anatomy in Primary and Secondary Schools

Anatomy in Primary and Secondary Schools Hashtag: #GreysAnatomy The Study of Human Anatomy GreysAnatomy is actually a word play on the title of a human anatomy textbook Gray’s Anatomy: Descriptive and Applied. The book was written by Henry Gray and initially published in 1858. Historically, the study of anatomy and physiology started when man started to find answers to questions regarding their own bodies. For instance, Leonardo Da Vinci allegedly dissected a human cadaver so he can accurately represent humans in art. Anatomist William Harvey studied the human circulatory system in the late 15th century and discovered for the first time that blood has a pattern in its flow. Another interesting discovery in the field of anatomy and medicine was painless surgery through the medicinal use of ether and nitrous oxide (laughing gas) to control the pain during the operation. BIOLOGY RESEARCH PAPER Anatomy and physiology are branches of biology and medicine, but the former is more focused on the structure of living things (human, animal, and plant) while the latter is more concern on mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of living organisms. The study of the structure of the human body in primary and secondary schools is normally aimed at providing a foundation for advanced study in fields related to health and fitness. It is also aimed at developing a sense of self-understanding, particularly to children who are curious about what’s inside the body. Moreover, since anatomy is not limited to the human body and extend to all living organisms, students often benefit from comparative anatomy or studying other species in order to learn evolution, structural similarities and common ancestry among human and animals. The biology curriculum in secondary schools, for instance, is not the only concern in developing students’ knowledge of the natural world in relation to everyday life, the power of reasoning and observation but familiarity with the structure and function of the human body. Specifically, students learn the change in living things through evolution, diversity of type and unity of patterns, genetic continuity of life, growth, and development, preservation of life, and others. Biology and Basic Anatomy Curriculum Primary school students are normally introduced to the basic human  skeleton or study of the skeletal system. After learning the structure, composition, and functions of the skeletal framework, students then learn the muscles and other body organs attached to it. Some of the introductory tasks include making a (normally life size) skeleton using colored paper or card and paper fasteners. By drawing the bones, schoolchildren become more aware of the significant features of each bone, identify bones’ proper location and construct appropriate joint structures for them. Moreover, anatomy in this level includes simple experiments in order to explain some of the functions of the human body and compare and recognize the similarities and differences between human and animals. However, anatomy in secondary schools is quite more complex as it involves microscopic anatomy such as the study of the structure and function of cells and tissues, senses, blood, heart, the major organs of the digestive system, and others. Some are focusing on the primary functions of the human brain, structures that enable biological systems to interact, energy and materials required to sustain life. Overall, all key stages of anatomy-related science curriculum are aimed at providing knowledge about human and animal body structure and understanding of life processes. For instance, knowledge of human and animal anatomy helps students understand the fact that humans and animals need food and water to stay alive, need to exercise, eat the right type and amount of food in order to stay healthy and strong, the beneficial and harmful effects of drugs, ability to produce offspring and senses that makes humans and animals aware of the world around them.

Ss Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ss - Assignment Example This defect reduction means a substantial reduction in: 10. A call center for processing book orders is investigating their error rate. The procedure calls for the customer service representatives throughout the distributed system network to gather the following information for each order (those marked with an asterisk were determined to be critical to the processing of the order) Note that the annual ‘rolling error rate’ is shown in , as computed on a monthly basis: 12. Two critical characteristics were inspected in a sample of 500 orders. Fifty errors were found on 25 of the orders, but 20 of these orders were reprocessed to correct the errors. The Throughput Yield is: 18. The non-conformance records for the Painting Dept. are as follows, where the number reported is the number of defective units for each non-conformance type (cracked, chipped, off-color, wrong color, other): 21. If the optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely times for step 1 of a process is (2 days, 9 days, 5 days) and for step 2 is (4 days, 13 days, 8 days), then the best estimate for the total cycle time for the two steps is: 51. When a one way ANOVA is computed, the results can tell you that at least two means are different but it cannot tell you which ones are different? If you were testing three treatment groups, which test could you use to discern specific differences? 60. Peter’s project seemed to be going along well until the project team started to implement the solution. At that point, a department that hadnt been involved, but will be affected, starting raising objections and pointing out problems to the proposed solution. 61. Phebe, a team leader, is having trouble getting buy-in from various members of the team. In one particular problem-solving meeting, these team members didnt seem to listen to any of Phebe’s ideas, and were insistent that their ideas were more credible. Some reasonable advice to Phebe would be: 64. Jill is

Writer's option Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Writer's option - Research Paper Example Smith clarified the way competition enhances the productivity and social wellbeing by promising ideal distribution of resources and labour in the overall economy. Yet, as a pragmatist, Smith had also identified that capitalism will corrupt the competitive markets. He had also realised that in capitalist economy, certain individuals would turn out to be much wealthier and rich in comparison with others. On the assumption that there will be economic growth, the wealthy would become wealthier, however, the poor would also be more affluent. Adam Smith put substantial level of effort for establishing the theory of capitalism and how it would determine competitive markets. Even after his death, the ideas provided by Adam Smith remained significant in the fields of economy (Yardeni & Moss, 1990). Focusing on this aspect, the study examines Adam Smith’s explanation of competitive market. The study also delineates the way in which Adam Smith has viewed the present competitive markets and the manner in which these markets work. In relation to this, the study defines how the rule of exchange works in a competitive market for determining the prices. Capitalism is an economic structure which protects private property and allows free trade in the competitive markets. In capitalism system, individuals are allowed to follow self-interests as long as these interests are controlled by competition and society obtains advantages from lower expenses and increased choices. However, the problem related to capitalism is that self-interest has a natural tendency for collusion and corruption. In other words, capitalists tend to pursue power and to exploit it in order to rigout the market in their favour at the cost of economic disadvantage (Yardeni & Moss, 1990). Adam Smith often cited capitalism as a supporter of free market which signifies deregulation. A deregulated market where government has low

The Soliloquies of Shakespeares Hamlet - To be or not to be Soliloquy :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Hamlet --   â€Å"To be or not to be† Soliloquy      Ã‚   When the Bard of Avon created Hamlet, he simultaneously created the famous soliloquy ever uttered by English-speaking men. Thus it is that literary critics rank Hamlet’s fourth soliloquy as the most notable ever penned. Let’s examine in this essay how such a high ranking is deserved, and what the soliloquy means.    In his essay â€Å"An Explication of the Player’s Speech,† Harry Levin refers to the fourth soliloquy as the most famous of them all:    Dwelling on gross details and imperfections of the flesh (â€Å"Eyes without feeling, feeling without sight†), Hamlet will admonish his mother that sense-perception is dulled by sensual indulgence. Here insensibility is communicated by a rhetorical assault upon the senses: primarily â€Å"the very faculties of eyes and ears,† but incidentally touch and even taste. Leaving the senseless Priam to the insensate Pyrrhus, after another hiatus of half a line (37), the speech addresses violent objurgations to the bitch-goddess Fortune, about whom Hamlet   has lately cracked ribald jokes with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern; whose buffets and rewards he prizes Horatio for suffering with equanimity; against whom he will, in the most famous of all soliloquies [my italics], be tempted to take arms. (36)    Marchette Chute in â€Å"The Story Told in Hamlet† describes just how close the hero is to suicide while reciting his most famous soliloquy:      Hamlet enters, desperate enough by this time to be thinking of suicide. It seems to him that it would be such a sure way of escape from torment, just to cease existing, and he gives the famous speech on suicide that has never been worn thin by repetition. â€Å"To be, or not to be . . .† It would be easy to stop living.    To die, to sleep; No more. And by a sleep to say we end The heartache and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to . . .    But Hamlet has never succeeded in deceiving himself, and he cannot do so now. . . . [He] will not . . . be able to kill himself. He has thought too much about it to be able to take any action. (39)    Considering the context of this most notable soliloquy, the speech appears to be a reaction from the determination which ended the â€Å"rogue and peasant slave† soliloquy. In fact, in the Quarto of 1603 the â€Å"To be† speech comes BEFORE the players’ scene and the nunnery scene – and is thus more logically positioned to show its emotional connection to the previous soliloquy (Nevo 46).

An Examination of Bias in Focus on the Family’s Website Essay

Part of the problem with criticizing religion is the fact that any attempt to criticize yields a label of bigotry. In other words, if you question or criticize a religious movement the response is that the person putting forth the criticism is an anti-Semite or anti-Christian. While in many cases, this is true, but in other cases, that is simply not the case. But, because of the emotional attachment to religious beliefs – particularly the beliefs of individuals who hold strong fundamentalist beliefs – any attempt to question is met with anger. This is even when the issue being questioned is something that is pure opinion open to debate and not a fact that is set in stone. Dr. James Dobson, the head of the Evangelical group Focus on the Family, is hardly an unintelligent man. He is a published author and charismatic leader of a large denomination of conservative Christian groups. While there will be those who are dismissive of Christian conservative merely because they are, well, Christian conservatives, is childish. Criticism about political or sociological issues derived from bias and opinion, however, is fair game for debate. One such issue of contention on the website involves the assertion that homosexuality can be â€Å"cured. † To this regard, the website states: Homosexuality is more likely to be related to one or more of the following: (1) confusion of role models seen in parents, including, but not limited to, a dominant mother and a weak or absent father; (2) serious family dysfunction that wounds and damages the child; (3) early sexual abuse; (4) the influence of an older homosexual during a critical period of adolescence; (5) conscious choice and cultivation; and/or (6) homosexual experimentation, such as mutual masturbatory activity, by boys in early adolescence. How do these and other forces interplay in individual circumstances? I don’t know. I don’t think anyone knows. An Examination of Bias in Focus on the Family’s Website Page 2 On the other hand, I am certain that homosexuality does not result from irresistible genetic influences, as some would have us believe. (Dobson) To say these statements are biased and agenda driven would be an understatement. While Dobson is entitled to his opinions, the operative word here is opinion. The statements made in that excerpt are presented as fact when, in reality, there is no empirical proof that they are factual. Instead, the statements are presented to provide circular logic credibility to a socio-political agenda. Now, it is well within Dobson’s right to present his side of the issue. However, it is not a balanced examination of the issue and it contradicts a wealth of psychiatric and sociological study on the issue. Because of this, there is a great deal of intellectual dishonesty in these statements of homosexuality. A more proper examination would present Dobson’s opinion while acknowledging there are other opinions on the matter from professional fields, include a quote from a peer reviewed journal on the subject and then provide a link to a website that provides an alternate point of view. This does not mean that Dobson should abandon his beliefs nor should Focus on the Family retract their statements, but the organization would be far better served presenting an unbiased look at the subject and avoid presenting opinion as fact. Bibliography Focus on the Family. (2007) http://listen. family. org/daily/A000000198. cfm Dobson, James. (2006) â€Å"Do You Believe Homosexuality is Inherited. † Retrieved 4 February 2007. http://family. custhelp. com/ cgi-bin/family. cfg/php/enduser/std_alp. php? p_sid=6n4Jcohi

Mission Of Microfinance Institutions Versus Microfinance Goes Public Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 12 Words: 3662 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? The difference between many of commercial banks and microfinance institutions (MFIs) is the commitment to a double-bottom line, financial and social, of the latter. The microfinance itself is considered as a poverty alleviation tool and as the sector with potential to become self-sustainable. There have been a number of debates about the future of the microfinance industry. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Mission Of Microfinance Institutions Versus Microfinance Goes Public Finance Essay" essay for you Create order Since 1990s, some debates regarding the possibility of achieving the social mission of the MFIs, mission to serve the poor and thus to alleviate the poverty, emerged as many microfinance institutions have been moving towards commercialization. Others argue that for-profit oriented microfinance institutions may move to targeting customers who are better off than their initial target. This phenomenon is known as mission drift. Recently, with the increased interest of microfinance sector from international investors, commercial, private and socially responsible, and up-scaling of the MFIs, there have been a number of discussions about the mission drift and concern that the microfinance is losing its social mission, commitment to poverty alleviation. Despite this interest, only few studies have been conducted to examine this issue. This paper will attempt to discuss whether or not MFIs moving up-market face difficulties in reaching their double bottom line. The first part of the paper will provide an overview of the literature on the topic of mission drift and try to answer the questions whether the mission drift is a relevant concern for the MFIs. The second part will discuss on whether MFIs that go public drift mission, to which extent growth and development of the industry really help poor people and what could be done in order to control and protect social bottom line. The last part will conclude. Mission Drift as a relevant concern for the commercialized and transformed MFIs In the existing literature there is definitely more than one definition of mission drift, but all of them stating generally about the same issues: mission drift is the notion when MFIs drift away from their original mission, to serve poor clients and alleviate poverty, to more profit generating vision by serving wealthier clients or by charging high interest rates for their clients. Most of the recent papers agree on the definition of mission drift given by Cull et al. (2007) ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦microbanks moved away from servicing their poorer clients in pursuit of commercial viability. Some researchers indicate mission drift with commercialization and transformation (Christen, 2001). It is thought that the commercialization approach may lead to more profit oriented motives and will decrease social impact, which in turn may follow by targeting less risky clients, thus drifting its focus away from the poor population. According to Dichter and Harper (2007), the microfinance institutions are losing their sight of mission to serve the poor while growing and getting mature. Muhammad Yunus, the Nobel Peace Prize winner, claims that ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦less poor clients crowd out poorer clients in any credit scheme (Christen and Drake, 2002, p. 10). Meanwhile, as the mission of MFIs is to provide microfinance services to the poor, the assumptions could be made that, is to lend relatively small amount of money to very poor clients. At the same time, concern of the financial viability of the MFIs should not be underestimated. The issue of mission drift has been discussed since 1992, when microfinance institution in Bolivia PRODEM was commercialized and transformed into the bank, BancoSol (Rhyne, 1998). Recent news, such as the initial public offering (IPO) of Banco Compartamos in Mexico in 2007, that led to total proceed of this sale to almost USD 450 million profit, have added new value to the debate (Rosenberg, 2007; Hudon, 2009). Thus, there are some critics about microfinance, saying that MFIs are becoming more profit oriented at the expense of greater outreach to the poor people. The point is that higher profits lead to lower outreach. Woller, Dunford, and Woodworth (1999) and Woller (2002) state that mission drift actually happens when a MFI step back from their initial poor customer segment. However, some researchers conjecture that MFIs that became commercialized are better able to serve the poorest customers due to spillover effect, as their profit motives lead them to be more efficient and increase their willingness to extend loan services to the new markets (urban and rural) (Rhyne, 1998; Christen and Drake, 2002). The underlying message is that when someone seeks the explanations for mission drift, the profit of the MFI is not the only key element that should be considered, but the MFIs costs should also be focused upon. Some country studies give evidence that there is a trade-off between social and financial bottom line, serving the poorest and being financially viable, since transaction costs for smaller loans are higher than transaction costs for larger loans (Paxton, Graham, and Thraen, 2000). However, Christen (2001) in his study about commercialized and transformed MFIs in Latin America made a conclusion that mission drift has not occurred. Despite the ongoing debates and interest on mission drift, only few studies have been conducted to investigate the issue. There is a lack of cross-country studies with a large number of MFIs involved in order to receive extensive results and findings. C. Bruck writes in the New Yorker article about these debates: Since relatively few rigorous studies on the impact of microfinance have been completed, ideology tends to dominate (Bruck, 2006). Important empirical evidence on scaling up was made by Hishigsuren (2007) in India. The study concludes that when measured by depth and scale of outreach to poor clients, MFI shows no evidence of mission drift. At the same time it shows that up-scaling MFI is able to achieve greater cost efficiency. Another finding of this study (Hishigsuren, 2007) indicates that mission drift is not a result of well-planned decisions by the board of directors or management. The analysis of 39 transformed MFI by Fernando (2004) concludes that these MFIs did not lose sight of the mission but on contrary even improved their financial performance. The cross-country study by Cull et al. (2007) uses a sample of 124 MFIs in 49 countries addressing the issue of mission drift. They found that even the MFIs might follow vigorous financial goals, they still can be dedicated to their social mission. The paper of Mersland and Strom (2009) investigates mission drift while taking into account average loan size, le nding methodology, gender and market served by the MFI. So far it is the largest cross-country study on mission drift. Mersland and Strom found ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦no evidence of mission drift in the industry as a whole (Mersland and Strom, 2009, p. 29). However, this study on the observation of 379 MFIs reveals that the mission drift may occur if a MFI is cost inefficient and seeks higher financial returns, so MFIs attention should be made on reducing its costs first. Almost all studies on mission drift, including the ones mentioned above, used average loan size as a proxy for the empirical analysis to measure to degree of outreach of the MFI, assuming that the increase of the size of the average loan means serving better off client thus leads to mission drift of the MFI (Bhatt and Tang, 2001; Cull et al., 2007; Schreiner, 2002). However, this MFIs focus on wealthier clients, that cost less, might be driven by profit-motivated donors. Therefore, drifting away from the mission is the way MFI sees to attract more financial sources (Gosh and Van Tassel, 2008). Gosh and Van Tassel (2008) tried to investigate mission drift issue using poverty gap ratio approach and came to the conclusion that providing larger loans lowers the actual poverty reduction per dollar spent on one side, but the MFI is not necessarily forsaking its social mission on the other side. Thereby, the concern about financial sustainability of the MFIS has led to commercialization, transformation and scaling-up, which in turn suspected of being in the way of reaching further outreach and cause on mission drift. The process of commercialization and scaling-up, which most of the most involve interfere with large donors, may indeed tend to an increase in the average loan size and the tendency to lend to better off clients, wealthier people. However, Armendriz de Aghion and Szafarz (2009) argue that mission drift is not only driven by transaction cost minimization: Instead, poverty-oriented microfinance institutions could potentially deviate from their mission by extending larger loans neither because of progressive lending nor because of cross-subsidization, but because of the interplay between their own mission, the cost differentials between poor and unbanked wealthier clients, and region-specific characteristics pertaining to the heterogeneity of their clientele (Armen driz de Aghion and Szafarz, 2009). Additionally, such factors as strategy and portfolio maturity (Christen, 2000) may indeed increase the amount of the loan size without MFIs necessarily drifting from their poverty alleviation mission. According to the literature review and empirical analysis mentioned above, one can come to the conclusion that mission drift is indeed a relevant concern for some MFIs, but not necessarily for all. Though this statement may sound unconvincing, it is in fact essential to understand that institutional factors may also affect how well a MFI is able to reach both social and financial goals. Lending methodology, individual lending or group lending, cost structure and operating and country environment, market where a MFI is operation, urban or rural, are among these factors. Therefore, a wider perspective into the development of the microfinance sector is needed in order to deviate from mission drift. Going Public versus Mission Drift. Microfinance Best Practices? Recently microfinance institutions have begun to attract private investments and gone public (capital market). Is the microfinance sector losing vision of its mission to help poor and alleviate poverty? To which extent growth and development of the industry really help poor people? The initial public offering (IPO) of the Banco Compartamos in 2007, the largest MFI in Mexico, awoke tremendously number of debates. Especially MFI has been criticized for charging very high interest rates to its clients (sometimes even 100% for some products). At what level are interest rates excessive, even for a MFI?   This is the question at the heart of the Compartamos debate. Surprisingly, but most of the literature publications on mission drift do not take into consideration interest rate issue. Cull et al. (2008), Gonzalez and Rosenberg (2006) argue that NGOs charge higher interest rates than commercial (regulated) MFIs, explaining it that NGOs have higher costs while serving poorer clients than commercial MFIs. But maybe the situation is like this just because these types of microfinance institutions are funded by profit-oriented donors? No doubts that interest rate should be considered as a part of comprehensive view of mission drift (Ashta and Hudon, 2009). However, we should not to forget that interest rate charged for clients might be relatively high due to country environment and monopoly power. This is what is happening in Mexico, where interest rates are higher than in other countries, but Compartamos co-founder and executive vice-president, Carlos Danel, says that this is because the loans are typically much smaller, than elsewhere: We could push people to borrow bigger loans, but we dont believe in doing that [ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦] In the four years since weve gone public [2007] our rates have gone down 10%, and we offer by far the lowest rates in the Mexican market. Taking the company public raises the bar in terms of performance, transparency and accountability. (Evans, 2010) Nevertheless, it should be noticed that even through the IPO of Compartamos generated almost USD 450 million gains, there was no additional money raised to finance portfolio growth. Two third of this money, around USD 300 million, went to the three NGOs and development agencies, and one third (around USD 150 million) went to private individuals (Ashta, 2009). Although there has already been other IPOs in microfinance industry before (Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) proceed IPO in 2003 and was listed on the Jakarta, Singapore and other stock exchanges; Equity Bank Kenya in 2006, on the Nairobi Stock Exchange and Network Microfinance Bank in Pakistan, a much smaller organization), nowhere had been generated so high profits, therefore there was no much discussion about it. Where this can lead microfinance industry? Largest MFI in India, SKS Microfinance, recently has announced it plans to go public and sell shares on the India stock exchange in IPO. This will be the first microfinance IPO in India and beyond any doubt this is the hot topic these days to discuss. SKS Microfinance is planning to raise more than USD 250 million through the sale of equity shares (the Economic Times, 2010). A number of other MFIs, including Spandana, Share Microfin, Bandhan, BASIX and Equitas, may also have plans to go public based on the success of SKSs IPO (Deepika Thapliyal, 2010). This news has caused debates on whether a public company can prevent financial objectives from  displacing the social goals, to put it simple, whether MFI will drift their mission towards more profit orientation. Mohammad Yunus argued on this topic in an interview with Microfinance Focus (2010): This is coming from the banking side, from the profit maximizing side and I am opposed to that. If they do it, I cannot stop them but I would encourage genuine Microcredit programs.ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦The concern is that when you put an IPO, you are promising your investors that there is a lot of money to be made and this is a wrong message. Poor people should not be shown as an opportunity to make money out of. If you have a new kind of IPO where you can say that you can help people get out of poverty, it is a social business and if you invest here you never get any return from this then it is good. It is clear that it is important to focus on what is really at risk here, not only in India, but around the world, as movement of microfinance going public may continue and after the IPO of SKS. Can microfinance and the capital markets together be focused on poverty alleviation? Can IPO help MFI to serve larger number of people at the lowest sustainable prices and in the quickest possible time? Coming back to Mohammad Yunus statement mentioned above, some can challenge his argument. Microfinance institutions from its very name shows that MFI is actually a financial intermediator that deals all the time with risks and returns, trying to attract funds in order to finance portfolio growth, and with products and services that are similar to the ones offered by the formal financial sector. Therefore similarly the capital funding sources may be obtained from donors, investment companies and funds, including commercial loans, customer deposits, and financial markets. All these options have their opportunities, limitations and risks. For instance, there is always a risk that investors will be more profit-oriented than involved in achieving social objectives by the MFI. Therefore, MFI will tend to obtain higher profits, thus charging higher interest rates for its clients or drifting to better off clients to mitigate its risk of non repayment, mission drift can occur. As it was shown in the first part of this paper, this is not the case for all MFIs. Some practitioners support the idea of an IPO and claim some advantages of the IPO, which can be seen as the following (blogs on www.microfinancefocus.com, www.microfinanceinsights.com, www.devex.com, www.linkedin.com): The raise of the additional capital (not the case of Compartamos IPO). Funding obtained thought is nothing else than just another financial instrument. Reliable long-term source of funding and expanding the loan portfolio, as opposed to commercial bank borrowings and clients deposits that must be reimbursed at maturity. Additionally there is always a risk of unexpected termination of clients deposits, thus leading to a risk of liquidity when tending to finance portfolio only by inner sources (savings). Sometimes, for instance in times of financial crisis even the commercial bank borrowings may be canceled before their maturity, that again trigger the same problems as with savings. Usually the cost of funds obtained through the IPO is lower than the cost of commercial banking sources. Therefore the assumption could be made that interest rates for the loan to microentrepreneurs can be lower. From the financial point of view, the funds raised through the IPO actually is an equity injection for which a MFI is not obliged by the regulations of Central Banks to set the liquidity reserve requirements as it is required for instance for customers deposits, thereby increasing the interest rates charged. Where there are pros, there are always cons, thus criticism against each of the statement above exists on the same blogs, for instance Milford Bateman on his interview to Microfinance Insights (April 2010) says: New regulations and prohibitions on what managers can do with their MFI may well become a reality in the near future, MFIs that have gone through the IPO procedure quickly lose all remaining links with, and concern for, the local community. They become hard-headed, profit-driven businesses providing a product to anyone willing to pay for it: no more, no less. But an IPO does not necessarily mean that poor people are ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦shown as an opportunity to make money out ofÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦. The MFIs profit obtained through the IPO may be distributed as dividends to the respective shareholders or to retain these gains in order to reinvest them in the further development of its activities, serving more poor people and thus increase the outreach and contribute to the process of poverty alleviation. At the same time, other practitioners say that just the fact that microfinance is going towards an IPO is an example in itself of serious mission drift (Bateman, 2010). It is a technique most often deployed under cover of providing more microfinance, but the most important motivation in practice, is actually for an MFIs managers/owners to privately benefit. The gains to the poor are simply not there. (Bateman, 2010). Nevertheless, at this point it is quite early to make any conclusion, as only few MFIs have gone public. Microfinance still remains to be considered as being a social business, even with loads of criticism about IPO, especially the IPO of Compartamos. Thus it is essential to protect social line of the microfinance industry and try to avoid mission drift, trade-off between financial objectives and social objectives at the expense of the poor. In order to obtain successfully both these objectives, a professional board of directors, senior executive management and operational staff with the sound of social mission is needed, who will perform management decision not only driven by profit. Sound social corporate governance is designed to demonstrate the institutional social and development goals (Todd, 2008; Ashta, 2009). Social corporate governance that is properly designed, alleviate the strain between financial and social objectives and may provide a solution to mission drift in the MFI (Todd, 2008). In addition, reliable internal control system, comprehensive financial and risk managemen t systems, including asset and liability management for liquidity, interest rate and foreign currency risks, social performance management are essentially should be taken into account, as being a core of the institution. To make regularly social performance assessment of the MFI, for instance using CERISE tools, might help to be on the sight of the current situation of the institution and therefore to mitigate the risk of mission drift. Conclusion It is obvious that mission drift issue of microfinance has manifold sources and the exclusion of one relatively minor source is not an adequate prescription for mitigating this issue. Commercialization of the MFIs is only one among several ways to mission drift, and not the most threatening. Some studies showed that even the MFIs might follow vigorous financial goals, they still can be dedicated to their social mission. The mission drift may occur if a MFI is cost inefficient and seeks higher financial returns, so rather than concentrating on the issue of commercialization of the MFIs, attention should be made on reducing the costs per client. Mission drift is indeed a relevant concern for some MFIs, but not necessarily for all. Though this statement may sound unconvincing, it is in fact essential to understand that institutional factors may also affect how well a MFI is able to reach both social and financial goals. Absolutely controversial debates occur around the IPO of the MFIs and mission drift related to this issue. Someone claims that just the fact that microfinance is going public is a serious mission drift itself. Others seek positive trends of the IPO on social mission, stating that it is the source of long-term funding and thus might help to achieve greater outreach through expanding the loan portfolio and therefore can be devoted to social mission of the MFI. Nevertheless, it is quite early to make any conclusions as only few MFIs went public. Although mission drift is a very long-debating issue, this paper did not discuss in detail about the normal strategy that should be used by MFIs in order to seek consistency with the social mission for which they have been established by its donors. There is no saying which the right focus is and which one is not. This can be a future discussion. There is certainly room and demand for different institutions in the microfinance sector: those focusing on the poorest and perhaps therefore more depending on donations; as well as those moving up-market and serving a better-off clients with the support of commercial funds and investors. The fact that the latter ones are able to serve large numbers of people should not be avoided. One more issue is needed to be emphasized social corporate governance and management of the MFI. Social corporate governance that is properly designed, alleviate the strain between financial and social objectives and may provide a solution to mission drift in the MFI. Through a sound and comprehensive social corporate governance policy, the respective investors and donors will also have the responsibility in relation to social mission and ethical questions, for instance the interest rates charged for the MFIs clients, in order to get the assurance that a MFI is not drifting from its social mission.